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Objective To investigate the rationality of antibiotic use in Chongqing before and after intervention and its inter vention effect.Methods 16 200 cases,54 000 outpatient prescriptions and annual average antimicrobial consumption in 2011 from Chongqing sub network of Health and Family Planning Commission antibacterial drug monitoring network were selected as control group;48 600 cases,162 000 outpatient prescriptions and annual average antimicrobial consumption from 2012 to 2014 were selected as intervention group.The use rate of antimicrobial agents in outpatients,the intensity of antimicrobial use in hospitalized patients,the percentage of antimicrobial use in hospitalized patients,the average number of antimicrobial use in hospitalized patients,the combined use of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents in hospitalized patients were retrospectively studies.Results Except for the utilization rate of antibiotics in the outpatients and the density of antimicrobial agents in hospitalized patients,the utilization rate of antibiotics in the hospitalized patients,the microbiology inspection rate of application of antibiotics in non surgical treatment (％),the average use days of antibiotics in the hospitalized patients(days) and the combination rate of antibiotics in the hospitalized patients from 2012 to 2014 (after intervention) had significant impact in comparison with 2011 (before intervention).Conclusion Through the clinical pharmacistes' participating in the intervention in reasonable use of antibiotics and a variety of powerful intervention measures,the rationality of antibiotic use is feasible.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role of nutrition support pharmacists in individualized nutritional treatment. METH-ODS:The nutrition support pharmacists participated in the treatment for a patient with esophageal cancer. The patient received ra-diotherapy instead according the progression of disease. Nutrition support pharmacists suggested that parenteral and enteral nutrition instead of previous nutrition support plan according to disease condition,the requirements of peripheral venous infusion,economic condition. Parenteral nutrition used peripheral venous infusion of"all in one"nutrient solution [containing 5％ Glucose injection 250 mL,50％ Glucose injection 100 mL,20％ Medium and long chain fat emulsion injection(C6-24)250 mL,8.5％ Compound amino acid injection(18AA-Ⅱ)250 mL,10％ Potassium chloride injection 10 mL,Water-soluble vitamin for injection 1 branch, Fat-soluble vitamin injection(Ⅱ)10 mL,osmotic pressure 750 mOsm/L] 870 mL,once a day. Enteral nutrition was Enteral nutri-tional powder 55.8 g mixed with warm water 250 mL,po,2-3 times a day. According to physical condition and food intake,it was suggested to increase the frequency of Enteral nutritional powder to 4-5 times a day,gradually discontinued"all in one"paren-teral nutrition. RESULTS:Physicians adopted the suggestions of nutrition support pharmacists;the patient had a good nutritional status and completed 17 radiotherapy successfully,and discharged from hospital on 37th day. CONCLUSIONS:Nutrition support pharmacists as a member of clinical treatment team play their own pharmaceutical advantages to optimize and adjust the nutritional program in respects of nutrition support way,infusion mode and nutrient solution ratio from the actual needs and aspirations of pa-tients. Under the premise of following the objective rules of medical practice,the nutrition support pharmacists fully respected the individual wishes of patients to lay a foundation for improving the nutritional status and ensuring the successful completion of an-ti-tumor treatment.
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Objective To investigate prophylactic application of antibacterial agents in perioperative period of vascular interven‐tional surgery in our hospital before and after intervention ,and to evaluate the effects of intervention measures .Methods One hun‐dred cases from March to May 2011 were selected as non‐intervention group ,and 100 cases from March to May 2012 after interven‐tion were selected as intervention group .Analysis was conducted on medical information of two groups by questionnaire about their antibiotic drugs use .we evaluated the the percentage of antimicrobial application ,drugs choice ,initial time of medicine treatment ,the course of medication and so on .Results The rational rate of antibacterial use increased from 6% (before intervention) to 99% (af‐ter intervention) (P<0 .01) .The rationality was improved significantly in respect of initial time of medicine treatment ,antibacterial agents and the course of medication .the percentage of antimicrobial application ,cost of antibacterials and the value of antibiotics use density (AUD) were decreased significantly .Conclusion The intervention of our hospital is feasible and effective ,and could signifi‐cantly improve the perioperative antibacterial application .
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OBJECTIVE:To monitor the resistance of clinically isolated Burkholderia cepacia and analyze its antibacterial drug therapy so as to provide reference for clinician and pharmacists in providing better treatment for the infection caused by Burkholderia cepacia. METHODS:The susceptibility test results of 17 strains of isolating Burkholderia cepacia to 12 antimicrobial agents isolated by our hospital in 2007 and the corresponding antibacterial therapeutic regimen were analyzed. RESULTS:The positive rate of Burkholderia cepacia in our hospital was 0.45%. The susceptibility test on Burkholderia cepacia showed that piperacillin /tazobactam had the highest susceptible rate with 88.2%,followed by ceftazidime at 82.4%,while Burkholderia cepacia was completely resistant to ticarcillin/ clavulanic acid or ticarcillin. The antibacterial drug treatment based on susceptibility test was effective (defined as no Burkholderia cepacia was detected in the recheck) in 9 cases(52.9%). CONCLUSION:Burkholderia cepacia is an important kind of pathogenic bacteria in nosocomial infection,and it is multidrug resistant and preferably treated by piperacillin/ tazobactam or ceftazidime.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of diclofenac potassium capsules in normal volunteers.METHODS:A single oral 50mg dose of domestic diclofenac potassium capsules or imported diclofenac potassium tablets were given to 10 healthy male volunteers in an open randomized crossover study.Diclofenac potassium concentration in plasma were determined by HPLC.The pharmacokinetic parameters as well as relative bioavailability were measured.RESULTS:The concentration－ time curves of domestic diclofenac potassium capsules and imported diclofenac potassium tablets were conformed to one compartment open model.The AUC(0～ 6)was (1 834.52± 711 06） μ g/（ h· L） and (1 891.19± 859.08)μ g/（ h· L） ， Tmax(1.15± 0.77)h and (1.30± 0.97)h,Cmax(1 522.29± 1 063.87)ng/ml and (1 508.54± 892.44)ng/ml respectively.There were no significant differences between the two formulations in the AUC(0～ 6),Tmax,Cmax.CONCLUSION:The relative bioavailability of domestic diclofenac potassium capsule was(100.80± 16 59)％ compared with the imported tablet.The result of the statistical analysis showed that the two formations were bioequivalent.